- research-and-development spending
- расходы на научные исследования и разработки
Англо-русский словарь по исследованиям и ноу-хау. Е.Г. Коваленк. 2015.
research-and-development spending
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List of countries by research and development spending — Percentage out of the GDP # Togo: 8.4% # Sweden: 3.8% # Israel: 3.7% # Japan: 2.8% # Korea, South: 2.7% # Switzerland: 2.6% # United States: 2.5% # Germany: 2.3% # France: 2.2% # El Salvador: 2.2% # Iceland: 2.1% # Netherlands: 2% # Denmark: 1.9% … Wikipedia
Research and development in Japan — Research and development are important to the Japanese economy.As its economy matured in the 1970s and 1980s, Japan gradually shifted away from dependence on foreign research. Japan s ability to conduct independent research and development became … Wikipedia
Research and development — The phrase research and development (also R and D or, more often, R D), according to the Organization for Economic Co operation and Development, refers to creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge … Wikipedia
Research and development in Ohio — Ohio is a major research and development center, home to many institutions. Contents 1 Overview 1.1 Government and non profit 1.2 Private 1.3 Collegiate … Wikipedia
Canadian industrial research and development organizations — Expenditures by Canadian corporations on research and development accounted for about 50% of all spending on scientific research and development in Canada in 2007. In the corporate sector research and development tends to focus on the creation or … Wikipedia
Ministry of Research and Innovation (Ontario) — The Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation is a government ministry of the Province of Ontario. The current minister is Glen Murray. Contents 1 History 2 Funding 3 Initiatives … Wikipedia
Research — This article is about the search for knowledge. For the suburb of Melbourne, Australia, see Research, Victoria. For the Wikipedia policy, see Wikipedia:Original research. For information on using Wikipedia for research, see Wikipedia:Researching… … Wikipedia
Reconstruction and Development Programme — (RDP) is a South African socio economic policy framework implemented by the African National Congress (ANC) government of Nelson Mandela in 1994 after months of discussions, consultations and negotiations between the ANC, its Alliance partners… … Wikipedia
research — {{Roman}}I.{{/Roman}} noun ADJECTIVE ▪ careful, detailed, in depth, meticulous, painstaking, rigorous, thorough ▪ considerable, exhaustive … Collocations dictionary
development — [[t]dɪve̱ləpmənt[/t]] ♦ developments 1) N UNCOUNT: with supp, oft N of n Development is the gradual growth or formation of something. ...an ideal system for studying the development of the embryo... First he surveys Islam s development. 2) N… … English dictionary
Research Activities Credit — A nonrefundable federal tax credit implemented in 1981 as an incentive for businesses and other entities to increase their research and development activities. Individuals, estates, trusts, organizations, partnerships and corporations are all… … Investment dictionary
